Graduate degrees in Biomedical Engineering at the PhD level have been offered by the University of Bern since 1998. In 2006 the Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering program was established in close collaboration with the Bern University of Applied Sciences. Current focus areas are the Musculoskeletal System and Microsensor and Actuator Technology. It is expected that both programs will significantly benefit from the ARTORG initiative in particular by broadening both the clinical and technological spectrum.